Fundamental+Forces

=Fundamental Forces= These are the forces that hold the whole world together.


 * Strong Force
 * Weak Force
 * Gravitational Force
 * Electromagnetic Force

Presentation by Chris Griffiths [|Fundamental Forces.ppt] Presentation by Josh Lane [|Fundamental Forces presentation.ppt]

The search inside the atam revealed a new force, the strong force interaction, which acts alongside gravity and electromagnetism to control the motion of particles in the Universe. How many other new forces might there be? But for now scientists believe that there are only four forces in our universe. Here is some more information about them.

The first force is the Strong Nuclear Force, The strong force acts insides protons and neutrons and holds them together. The attraction is strong enough to act between protons to overcome the electrostatic repulsion and binds both charged protons and neutral neutrons together in the nucleus. Even though this force is the strongest of all the four forces it has no effect outside the nucleus because its range is too short. It works between all forces that carry colour charge (ie the quarks). There are three forms of the colour charge (and three anti-particle versions).

The next force is the electromagnetic force. This force holds the atom together; it ties electrons into orbits and binds atoms in to molecules.. This force acts between all charged particles. The electromagetic force has an infinite range, though the strength of the interaction decrease with distance according to the inverse square law. There are two charges, positive and negative. The Force can be either attractive or repulsive. Two similar charges repel each other, two particles carrying oppsite charges will attract each other. The force is responsible for most of the everyday forces between objects; friction, air resistance amd tension are all due to the electromagnetic force.

The next force is the gravitational force. This force, also called Gravity, has a significant impact on people's everyday lives. All particles in our universe feel the force of gravity. Every mass in the universe attracts every other mass, because gravity is only and attractive force. Like the electromagentic force it also has an infinite range. The force depends on the mass of the particle (it is only attractive therefore there is no notion of a negative mass) and on the distance apart according to the inverse square law similar to the electromagentic force. On the scale of the earth, planets, stars and galaxies it is the dominant force (although the electromagentic force is stronger there is no significant charge separation over long distances in space), In the atomic and nuclear scale the effect of gravity is totally negligible.

The weak force is the fourth fundamental force and exerts its influence on all particles, despite the name it is a lot stronger than gravity, however its range is extremely short. the weak force is responsible for beta decay and has an important role in nuclear reactions and in the interactions of the neutrino